1 Samuel 20:42

Authorized King James Version

And Jonathan said to David, Go in peace, forasmuch as we have sworn both of us in the name of the LORD, saying, The LORD be between me and thee, and between my seed and thy seed for ever. And he arose and departed: and Jonathan went into the city.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
לֵאמֹ֔ר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#2
וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
And Jonathan
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
#3
לְדָוִ֖ד
to David
david, the youngest son of jesse
#4
לֵ֣ךְ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#5
לְשָׁל֑וֹם
in peace
safe, i.e., (figuratively) well, happy, friendly; also (abstractly) welfare, i.e., health, prosperity, peace
#6
אֲשֶׁר֩
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
נִשְׁבַּ֨עְנוּ
forasmuch as we have sworn
to seven oneself, i.e., swear (as if by repeating a declaration seven times)
#8
שְׁנֵ֜ינוּ
both
two; also (as ordinal) twofold
#9
אֲנַ֗חְנוּ
we
#10
בְּשֵׁ֤ם
of us in the name
an appellation, as a mark or memorial of individuality; by implication honor, authority, character
#11
יְהוָ֞ה
The LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#12
לֵאמֹ֔ר
said
to say (used with great latitude)
#13
יְהוָ֞ה
The LORD
(the) self-existent or eternal; jeho-vah, jewish national name of god
#14
יִֽהְיֶ֣ה׀
to exist, i.e., be or become, come to pass (always emphatic, and not a mere copula or auxiliary)
#15
בֵּינִ֣י
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#16
וּבֵינֶ֗ךָ
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#17
וּבֵ֥ין
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#18
זַרְעֲךָ֖
and thy seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#19
וּבֵ֥ין
between (repeated before each noun, often with other particles); also as a conjunction, either...or
#20
זַרְעֲךָ֖
and thy seed
seed; figuratively, fruit, plant, sowing-time, posterity
#21
עַד
for
as far (or long, or much) as, whether of space (even unto) or time (during, while, until) or degree (equally with)
#22
עוֹלָֽם׃
ever
properly, concealed, i.e., the vanishing point; generally, time out of mind (past or future), i.e., (practically) eternity; frequentatively, adverbial
#23
וַיָּ֖קָם
And he arose
to rise (in various applications, literal, figurative, intensive and causative)
#24
וַיֵּלַ֑ךְ
to walk (in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively)
#25
וִיהֽוֹנָתָ֖ן
And Jonathan
jehonathan, the name of four israelites
#26
בָּ֥א
went
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#27
הָעִֽיר׃
into the city
a city (a place guarded by waking or a watch) in the widest sense (even of a mere encampment or post)

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 1 Samuel. The concept of peace reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The divine name or title here functions within biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness to establish theological authority and covenantal relationship. The original language emphasizes the covenant name Yahweh, emphasizing God's faithfulness to His promises, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

The literary and historical milieu of the literary conventions and historical circumstances of biblical literature shapes this text's meaning. The historical development of salvation within the theological tradition of 1 Samuel Understanding the ancient worldview that shaped the author's theological expression helps modern readers appreciate why the author emphasizes peace in this particular way.

Questions for Reflection

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